Effects of Clinacanthus nutans and Aloe vera Extracts on bFGF Synthesis in Fibroblasts
Abstract
Introduction: Wound healing is an important but complicated process, containing a multifaceted process. The growth factor involved in the wound healing process is basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) and A. vera are traditional plants that have the ability to induce fibroblast migration. However, no study has yet compared the effects of C. nutans and A. vera on bFGF protein synthesis associated with wound healing.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extracts of C. nutans and A. vera on the fibroblast synthesis of bFGF in fibroblasts.
Method: Clinacanthus nutans leaf powder was extracted using a solution of hexane and chloroform sequentially. While the A. vera gel is taken. Fibroblasts were treated with several concentrations (10, 50, and 100 µg/mL) within 24 hours. Synthesis of bFGF protein was tested using enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA).
Result: The chloroform extract of C. nutans and A. vera up regulated the synthesis of bFGF. Concentration of 10 µg/mL C. nutans showed the highest bFGF protein synthesis compared to other treatment groups.
Conclusion: Chloroform extract of C. nutans and A. vera can up regulated the synthesis of bFGF in fibroblasts.
ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Penyembuhan luka adalah proses penting namun rumit, yang terdiri dari beberapa fase penyembuhan. Faktor pertumbuhan yang berhubungan dengan proses penyembuhan luka adalah, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) dan Aloe vera (A. vera) adalah tumbuhan tradisional yang memiliki kemampuan untuk menginduksi migrasi fibroblas. Namun, belum ada penelitian yang telah membandingkan efek C. nutans dan A. vera terhadap sintesis protein bFGF yang berhubungan dengan luka penyembuhan.
Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak C. nutans dan A. vera terhadap sintesis bFGF pada fibroblas.
Metode: Bubuk daun C. nutans di ektraksi menggunakan larutan heksana dan kloroform secara berurutan. Sedangkan A. vera diambil gel nya. Fibroblas diberi perlakuan dengan beberapa konsentrasi (10, 50, dan 100 µg/mL) dalam waktu 24 jam. Sintesis protein bFGF diuji menggunakan enzym linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA).
Hasil: Ekstrak kloroform C. nutans dan A. vera dapat meningkatkan sintesis protein bFGF lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif pada uji ELISA. C. nutans konsentrasi 10 µg/mL menunjukkan sintesis protein bFGF tertinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok perlakuan lain.
Kesimpulan: Ekstrak kloroform C. nutans dan A. vera dapat meningkatkan sintesis protein bFGF pada fibroblas.
References
Deng Y, Gao C, Xia N, Peng H. Wuacanthus (Acanthaceae), a new Chinese endemic genus segregated from Justicia (Acanthaceae). Plant Divers. 2016 Dec 19;38(6):312-321.
Alam A, Ferdosh S, Ghafoor K, Hakim A, Juraimi AS, Khatib A, Sarker ZI. Clinacanthus nutans: A review of the medicinal uses, pharmacology and phytochemistry. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2016 Apr;9(4):402-409.
Wu ZY, Raven PH, Hong DY. Flora of China (Cucurbitaceae through Valerianaceae, with Annonaceae and Berberidaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. 2011;19.
Fong SY, Piva T, Urban S, Huynh T. Genetic homogeneity of vegetatively propagated Clinacanthus nutans (Acanthaceae). J Med Plants Res. 2014; 8(25): 903-914
Roosita K., Kusharto CM, Sekiyama M., Fachrurozi Y, Ohtsuka R. Medicinal plants used by the villagers of a Sundanese community in West Java, Indonesia. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2008;115: 72–81.
P’ng XW, Akowuah GA, Chin JH. Evaluation of the sub–acute oral toxic effect of methanol extract of Clinacanthus nutans leaves in rats. J Acute Dis. 2013; 2:29–32.
Arullappan S, Rajamanickam P, Thevar N, Kodimani C. In vitro screening of cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Clinacanthus nutans (Acanthaceae) leaf extracts. Trop J Pharm Res. 2014;13:1455–1461.
Roeslan MO, Ayudhya TDN, Yingyongnarongkul BE, Koontongkaew S. Anti-biofilm, nitric oxide inhibition and wound healing potential of purpurin-18 phytyl ester isolated from Clinacanthus nutans leaves. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 May;113:108724
Malek Hosseini A, Ghaffarzadegan R, Alizadeh SA, Ghaffarzadegan R, Haji Agaei R, Ahmadlou M. Effect of aloe vera gel, compared to 1% silver sulfadiazine cream on second-degree burn wound healing. Complementary Medicine Journal of faculty of Nursing and Midwifery. 2013;3:418-28
Shelton RM. Aloe vera. Its chemical and therapeutic properties. Int J Dermatol. 1991;30:679-83.
Hormozi M, Assaei R, Boroujeni MB. The effect of aloe vera on the expression of wound healing factors (TGFβ1 and bFGF) in mouse embryonic fibroblast cell: In vitro study. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Apr;88:610-616.
Gosain A, DiPietro LA. Aging and wound healing. World J Surg. 2004 Mar;28(3):321-6.
Guo S, Dipietro LA. Factors affecting wound healing. J Dent Res. 2010 Mar;89(3):219-29.
Werner S, Grose R. Regulation of wound healing by growth factors and cytokines. Physiol Rev. 2003 Jul;83(3):835-70.
Nugent MA, Iozzo RV. Fibroblast growth factor-2. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2000 Feb;32(2):115-20.
Nafiu MO, Hamid AA, Muritala HF, Adeyemi SB. Preparation, Standardization, and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants in Africa. In: Medicinal Spices and Vegetables from Africa. Elsevier; 2017:171–204.
Picó Y. Recent Advances in Sample Preparation for Pesticide Analysis. In: Comprehensive Sampling and Sample Preparation. Elsevier; 2012: 569–90.
Santoso J, Anwariyah S, Rumiantin RO, Putri AP, Ukhty N, Stark YY. Phenol content, antioxidant activity and fibers profile of four tropical seagrasses from Indonesia. Journal of Coastal Development. 2012;15(2): 189-196.
Sharma A, Koneri R and Jha DK: A review of pharmacological activity of marine algae in Indian coast. Int J Pharm Sci & Res 2019; 10(8): 3540-49.
Sakdarat S, Shuyprom A, Pientong C, Ekalaksananan T, Thongchai S. Bioactive constituents from the leaves of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau. Bioorg Med Chem, 2009;17(5): 1857-1860.Atherton P. Aloe vera: magic or medicine? Nurs Stand. 1998;12:49-52.
Atherton P. Aloe vera: magic or medicine? Nurs Stand. 1998;12:49-52.
Itrat M, Zarnigar. Aloe vera: A Review of its Clinical Effectiveness. Int. Res. J. Phar. 201;4(8): 75–79.
Maan AA, Nazir A, Khan MKI, Ahmad T, Zia R, Murid M, Abrar M. The therapeutic properties and applications of Aloe vera: A review. J. Herb. Med. 2018;12: 1–10.
Steenkamp V, Stewart M. Medicinal applications and toxicological activities of aloe products. Pharma Biol. 2007;45:411–420.
Boudreau M, Beland F. An evaluation of the biological and toxicological properties of Aloe. Barbadensis (Miller), Aloe Vera. J Environ Sci Health. 2006;24:103–154
Reynolds T, Dweck AC. Aloe vera leaf gel: a review update. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999 Dec 15;68(1-3):3-37.
Strickland FM. Immune regulation by polysaccharides: implications for skin cancer. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2001 Oct;63(1-3):132-40.
Chantarawaratit P, Sangvanich P, Banlunara W, Soontornvipart K, Thunyakitpisal P. Acemannan sponges stimulate alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligament regeneration in a canine class II furcation defect model. J Periodontal Res. 2014 Apr;49(2):164-78.
Cáceres M, Oyarzun A, Smith PC. Defective Wound-healing in Aging Gingival Tissue. J Dent Res. 2014;93(7):691-7.
Matthias S, Sabine W. Transcriptional control of wound repair. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2007;23:69-92.
Alam A, Ferdosh S, Ghafoor K, Hakim A, Juraimi AS, Khatib A, Sarker ZI. Clinacanthus nutans: A review of the medicinal uses, pharmacology and phytochemistry. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2016 Apr;9(4):402-409.
Wu ZY, Raven PH, Hong DY. Flora of China (Cucurbitaceae through Valerianaceae, with Annonaceae and Berberidaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. 2011;19.
Fong SY, Piva T, Urban S, Huynh T. Genetic homogeneity of vegetatively propagated Clinacanthus nutans (Acanthaceae). J Med Plants Res. 2014; 8(25): 903-914
Roosita K., Kusharto CM, Sekiyama M., Fachrurozi Y, Ohtsuka R. Medicinal plants used by the villagers of a Sundanese community in West Java, Indonesia. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2008;115: 72–81.
P’ng XW, Akowuah GA, Chin JH. Evaluation of the sub–acute oral toxic effect of methanol extract of Clinacanthus nutans leaves in rats. J Acute Dis. 2013; 2:29–32.
Arullappan S, Rajamanickam P, Thevar N, Kodimani C. In vitro screening of cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Clinacanthus nutans (Acanthaceae) leaf extracts. Trop J Pharm Res. 2014;13:1455–1461.
Roeslan MO, Ayudhya TDN, Yingyongnarongkul BE, Koontongkaew S. Anti-biofilm, nitric oxide inhibition and wound healing potential of purpurin-18 phytyl ester isolated from Clinacanthus nutans leaves. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 May;113:108724
Malek Hosseini A, Ghaffarzadegan R, Alizadeh SA, Ghaffarzadegan R, Haji Agaei R, Ahmadlou M. Effect of aloe vera gel, compared to 1% silver sulfadiazine cream on second-degree burn wound healing. Complementary Medicine Journal of faculty of Nursing and Midwifery. 2013;3:418-28
Shelton RM. Aloe vera. Its chemical and therapeutic properties. Int J Dermatol. 1991;30:679-83.
Hormozi M, Assaei R, Boroujeni MB. The effect of aloe vera on the expression of wound healing factors (TGFβ1 and bFGF) in mouse embryonic fibroblast cell: In vitro study. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Apr;88:610-616.
Gosain A, DiPietro LA. Aging and wound healing. World J Surg. 2004 Mar;28(3):321-6.
Guo S, Dipietro LA. Factors affecting wound healing. J Dent Res. 2010 Mar;89(3):219-29.
Werner S, Grose R. Regulation of wound healing by growth factors and cytokines. Physiol Rev. 2003 Jul;83(3):835-70.
Nugent MA, Iozzo RV. Fibroblast growth factor-2. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2000 Feb;32(2):115-20.
Nafiu MO, Hamid AA, Muritala HF, Adeyemi SB. Preparation, Standardization, and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants in Africa. In: Medicinal Spices and Vegetables from Africa. Elsevier; 2017:171–204.
Picó Y. Recent Advances in Sample Preparation for Pesticide Analysis. In: Comprehensive Sampling and Sample Preparation. Elsevier; 2012: 569–90.
Santoso J, Anwariyah S, Rumiantin RO, Putri AP, Ukhty N, Stark YY. Phenol content, antioxidant activity and fibers profile of four tropical seagrasses from Indonesia. Journal of Coastal Development. 2012;15(2): 189-196.
Sharma A, Koneri R and Jha DK: A review of pharmacological activity of marine algae in Indian coast. Int J Pharm Sci & Res 2019; 10(8): 3540-49.
Sakdarat S, Shuyprom A, Pientong C, Ekalaksananan T, Thongchai S. Bioactive constituents from the leaves of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau. Bioorg Med Chem, 2009;17(5): 1857-1860.Atherton P. Aloe vera: magic or medicine? Nurs Stand. 1998;12:49-52.
Atherton P. Aloe vera: magic or medicine? Nurs Stand. 1998;12:49-52.
Itrat M, Zarnigar. Aloe vera: A Review of its Clinical Effectiveness. Int. Res. J. Phar. 201;4(8): 75–79.
Maan AA, Nazir A, Khan MKI, Ahmad T, Zia R, Murid M, Abrar M. The therapeutic properties and applications of Aloe vera: A review. J. Herb. Med. 2018;12: 1–10.
Steenkamp V, Stewart M. Medicinal applications and toxicological activities of aloe products. Pharma Biol. 2007;45:411–420.
Boudreau M, Beland F. An evaluation of the biological and toxicological properties of Aloe. Barbadensis (Miller), Aloe Vera. J Environ Sci Health. 2006;24:103–154
Reynolds T, Dweck AC. Aloe vera leaf gel: a review update. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999 Dec 15;68(1-3):3-37.
Strickland FM. Immune regulation by polysaccharides: implications for skin cancer. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2001 Oct;63(1-3):132-40.
Chantarawaratit P, Sangvanich P, Banlunara W, Soontornvipart K, Thunyakitpisal P. Acemannan sponges stimulate alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligament regeneration in a canine class II furcation defect model. J Periodontal Res. 2014 Apr;49(2):164-78.
Cáceres M, Oyarzun A, Smith PC. Defective Wound-healing in Aging Gingival Tissue. J Dent Res. 2014;93(7):691-7.
Matthias S, Sabine W. Transcriptional control of wound repair. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2007;23:69-92.
Published
2022-05-17
How to Cite
ANGGRAENI, Rezky; ROESLAN, Moehamad Orliando.
Effects of Clinacanthus nutans and Aloe vera Extracts on bFGF Synthesis in Fibroblasts.
Journal of Indonesian Dental Association, [S.l.], v. 5, n. 1, p. 21-26, may 2022.
ISSN 2621-6175.
Available at: <http://jurnal.pdgi.or.id/index.php/jida/article/view/726>. Date accessed: 14 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.32793/jida.v5i1.726.
Issue
Section
Research Article
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
