Characteristics and position of maxillary canine impaction using panoramic radiograph at RSGMP UNHAS: a retrospective study
Abstract
Objectives: To analyze cases of maxillary canine impaction, emphasizing characteristics, positional forms, and radiographic features.Materials and Methods: This descriptive study utilized a retrospective and cross-sectional design approach. Samples were obtained through purposive sampling. Secondary data from the Dental Hospital and Education Clinic (RSGMP) at Hasanuddin University from January to December 2023 were used. A total of 43 clinically and radiographically diagnosed cases were included in this study.
Results: This study revealed that patients with maxillary canine impaction were predominantly in the age group of 10–19 years (46.5%), with females comprising 62.8% and males comprising 37.2%, resulting in a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.68. Type II maxillary canine impaction (Yamamoto classification) was the most common case, accounting for 53%.
Conclusion: Radiography was a crucial aid for diagnosing various types of oral lesions, especially those involving bones.
Keywords: Maxillary, maxillary canine impaction, prevalence, radiographic appearance
References
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2. Mohammed AK, Sravani G, Vallappareddy D, Rao AR, Qureshi A, Prasad AN. Localization of Impacted Canines-A Comparative Study of Computed Tomography and Orthopantomography. J Med Life. 2020;13(1):56–63.
3. Alshehri A, Hakami Z, Marran K, Qaysi A, Shabi M, Bokhari A. Unilateral vs Bilateral Maxillary Canine Impaction: A Cone–Beam Computed Tomography Study of Patterns and Associations. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2023;24(1):22–8.
4. Alfaleh W, Al Thobiani S. Evaluation of impacted maxillary canine position using panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography. Saudi Dent J [Internet]. 2021;33(7):738–44. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.03.014.
5. Alshalawi IA, Alnahad DM, Ardah HI, Aboelmaaty WM, Alrejaye NS. Evaluation of maxillary transverse dimensions in individuals with a unilaterally impacted canine. J Orthod Sci. 2024;13(1):1–7.
6. Cicek O, Gurel T, Demir Cicek B. Investigation of the Relationship of Impacted Maxillary Canines with Orthodontic Malocclusion: A Retrospective Study. Children. 2023;10(6): 1.
7. Bedoya MM, Park JH. A review of the diagnosis and management of impacted maxillary canines. J Am Dent Assoc. 2009;140(12):1485–93. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2009.0099.
8. Ismail AF, Sharuddin NFA, Asha’Ari NH, Ali MAM, Zainol IZ, Alotaibi LH, et al. Risk Prediction of Maxillary Canine Impaction among 9-10-Year-Old Malaysian Children: A Radiographic Study. Biomed Res Int. 2022;2022(1):1–8.
9. Madhavan R, Sundareswaran S. Maxillary Canine Impaction : Diagnosis and Guidelines for Assesment of Impaction. 2021;20(4):7–12.
10. Shin JH, Oh S, Kim H, Lee E, Lee SM, Ko CC, et al. Prediction of maxillary canine impaction using eruption pathway and angular measurement on panoramic radiographs. Angle Orthod. 2022;92(1):18–26.
11. Dinu Ş, Todor L, Zetu IN, Păcurar M, Porumb A, Milutinovici RA, et al. Radiographic methods for locating impacted maxillary canines. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2022;63(4):599–606.
12. Altan A, Çolak S, Akbulut N, Altan H. Radiographic features and treatment strategies of impacted maxillary canines. Cumhur Dent J. 2020;23(1):32–7.
13. Kolokitha OE, Balli D, Zarkadi AE, Gizani S. Association between maxillary canine impaction and other dental anomalies: radiological study of a mixed dentition children’s cohort from an orthodontic clinic. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent [Internet]. 2023;24(3):401–7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-023-00798-y.
14. Alassiry A. Radiographic assessment of the prevalence, pattern and position of maxillary canine impaction in Najran (Saudi Arabia) population using orthopantomograms – A cross-sectional, retrospective study. Saudi Dent J [Internet]. 2020;32(3):155–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.08.002
15. Jain S, Debbarma S. Patterns and prevalence of canine anomalies in orthodontic patients. Med Pharm Reports. 2019;92(1):72–8.
16. Mazur M, Di Giorgio G, Ndokaj A, Jedliński M, Corridore D, Marasca B, et al. Characteristics, Diagnosis and Treatment of Compound Odontoma Associated with Impacted Teeth. Children. 2022;9(10);1-13.
Published
2025-08-31
How to Cite
KRIMADI, Christine Elisabeth; YUNUS, Barunawaty; MASYRIFAH, Nurul.
Characteristics and position of maxillary canine impaction using panoramic radiograph at RSGMP UNHAS: a retrospective study.
Jurnal Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial Indonesia (JRDI), [S.l.], v. 9, n. 2, p. 65-70, aug. 2025.
ISSN 2686-1321.
Available at: <http://jurnal.pdgi.or.id/index.php/jrdi/article/view/1323>. Date accessed: 29 nov. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.32793/jrdi.v9i2.1323.
Section
Original Research Article
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
