Third molar impaction prevalence and pattern: a panoramic radiography investigation
Abstract
Objectives: The most commonly encountered impacted tooth is the third molar, and potential problems include oral cysts and tumors as well as caries, periapical lesions, periodontal disease, TMJ disorders, and root resorption of adjacent teeth. The aim of this investigation was to determine the third molar impaction prevalence and pattern.Materials and Methods: 530 panoramic radiographs of patients who visited Hasanuddin University Dental Hospital from January to December 2020 were collected. Data were recorded based on third molars region, eruption level, angulation, and impaction class from radiographs that met the criteria on Excel sheets and analyzed using SPSS 26. Chi square test was performed to assess relationship between impaction patterns with age and gender. The level of significance was fixed at p<0.05.
Results: 115 radiographs were included and analyzed (45.2% male and 54.8% female). Third molar impaction prevalence was higher in females, in the age group 21-30 years, with level A eruption and vertical angulation. Most #38 and #48 demonstrated class 2 impaction. Apart from angulation and impaction class on #38, there was no significant difference between impaction patterns by age and gender group (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Third molar impaction was more common in women aged 21-30 years with a dominant impaction pattern at level A with vertical angulation. In the mandible, class 2 of the Pell and Gregory classification are known to be dominant in third molar impaction.
References
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Ishwarkumar S, Pillay P, Haffajee M, Satyapal K. Prevalence of impacted third molars in the South African Indian population of the eThekwini Metropolitan Region. South African Dental Journal. 2019;74(6):302-9.
Idris AM, Al-Mashraqi AA, Abidi NH, Vani N v., Elamin EI, Khubrani YH, et al. Third molar impaction in the Jazan Region: Evaluation of the prevalence and clinical presentation. Saudi Dental Journal. 2021 May 1;33(4):194–200.
Soh NHC, Kumar S, Balasubramaniam A. Prevalence of impacted teeth among dental patients-an institutional study. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine. 2020;07(01):1943–6.
Yuvashree CS, Ramani P. Prevalence and Distribution of Unerupted/Impacted Teeth Among Individuals 18-25 Years of Age Visiting Outpatient Department of Private Dental College and Hospital in Chennai, India. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. 2020;14(4):5561–6.
Al-Ramil AM, Al-Wosaibi AM, Bukhary MT. Prevalence of Impacted Teeth and Associated Pathologies : A Radiographic Study, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia Population. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2018 Jan;70(12):2130–6.
Alhadi Y, Al-Shamahy HA, Aldilami A, Al-Hamzy M, Al-Haddad KA, Shaalan M. Prevalence and Pattern of Third Molar Impaction in Sample of Yemeni Adults. Online Journal of Dentistry & Oral Health. 2019 Mar 13;1(5):1-4.
Genc BGC, Orhan K, Hıncal E. Maxillary and Mandibular Third Molars Impaction with Associated Pathologies in a North Cyprus Population: A Retrospective Study. Applied Sciences. 2022; 12(11):5756.
Lita YA. Klasifikasi impaksi gigi molar ketiga melalui pemeriksaan radiografi sebagai penunjang odontektomi. Jurnal Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial Indonesia 2020;4(1)1-5.
ADA American Dental Association. ADA.org: What Constitutes a Dental Emergency? [Online pages]. 2020 [Cited on December 2022]. Accessed on https://www.pattersondental.com/media/default/pdfs/ada-covid19-what-constitutes-a-dental-emergency.pdf
Rachmawati I, Firman RN. Klasifikasi impaksi caninus rahang atas pada pemeriksaan radiograf panoramik dan CBCT sebagai penunjang odontomy. Jurnal Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial Indonesia 2020;4(2)35-42.
Kalaiselvan S, Ganesh SKN, Natesh P, Moorthy MS, Niazi TM, Babu SS. Prevalence and pattern of impacted mandibular third molar: An institution-based retrospective study. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences. 2020 Aug 1;12(5):S462–7.
Kaur G, Kumari G, Sharma S. Functional matrix hypothesis: A review of literature. Science Progeress and Research 2021;1(2):80-9.
Braimah R, Ali-Alsuliman D, Agbaje H, Alsalah Y, Sharma H, Alsawas N. Prevalence, sociodemographics, and indications for extraction of impacted mandibular third molar in Najran, a Southern Saudi Arabian city. Saudi Journal of Oral Sciences. 2021;8(2):75-80.
Alamri A, Alshahrani N, Al-Madani A, Shahin S, Nazir M. Prevalence of Impacted Teeth in Saudi Patients Attending Dental Clinics in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: A Radiographic Retrospective Study. Scientific World Journal. 2020;2020.
Alfadil L, Almajed E. Prevalence of impacted third molars and the reason for extraction in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Dental Journal. 2020 Jul 1;32(5):262–8.
Pradopo S, Nelwan SC, Dewi AM, Wimarizky A, Permana AN, Ibrahim Z, et al. Duration of Growth Spurt based on Cervical Vertebrae Maturation In Indonesia Population. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 2021; 15(3).
Hashemipour MA, Tahmasbi-Arashlow M, Fahimi-Hanzaei F. Incidence of impacted mandibular and maxillary third molars: A radiographic study in a southeast iran population. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal. 2013 Jan;18(1):e140-5.
Hatem M, Bugaighis I, Taher EM. Pattern of third molar impaction in Libyan population: A retrospective radiographic study. Saudi Journal for Dental Research. 2016 Jan 1;7(1):7–12.
Ayranci F, Omezli MM, Sivrikaya EC, Rastgeldi ZO. Prevalence of Impacted Wisdom Teeth in Middle Black Sea Population. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations. 2017 Oct 5;8(2):50-3.
Yilmaz S, Adisen MZ, Misirlioglu M, Yorubulut S. Assessment of Third Molar Impaction Pattern and Associated Clinical Symptoms in a Central Anatolian Turkish Population. Medical Principles and Practice. 2016 Feb 1;25(2):169–75.
Khouri C, Aoun G, Khouri C, Saade M, Salameh Z, Berberi A. Evaluation of Third Molar Impaction Distribution and Patterns in a Sample of Lebanese Population. Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery. 2022 Jun 1;21(2):599–607.
Published
2023-04-29
How to Cite
TENRILILI, Andi Nurul Azizah; YUNUS, Barunawaty; RAHMAN, Fadhlil Ulum Abdul.
Third molar impaction prevalence and pattern: a panoramic radiography investigation.
Jurnal Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial Indonesia (JRDI), [S.l.], v. 7, n. 1, p. 9-14, apr. 2023.
ISSN 2686-1321.
Available at: <http://jurnal.pdgi.or.id/index.php/jrdi/article/view/951>. Date accessed: 19 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.32793/jrdi.v7i1.951.
Section
Original Research Article
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
