Assessment of the distance of maxillary posterior tooth roots to the maxillary sinus using Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images
Abstract
Objectives: This research aims to determine the variation in the distance of maxillary posterior tooth roots to the maxillary sinus.Materials and Methods: This research employed a descriptive observational design using 68 samples of CBCT radiographs of individuals aged 20–40 years from Dental Radiology Installation of Dental & Oral Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti. The distance assessed in this study is the shortest vertical distance from the apices to the maxillary sinus floor of all roots in first premolars, second premolars, first molars and second molars. The measurements were performed using i-Dixel 2.2 software (Morita-Japan).
Results: The result showed the mesiobuccal root of the second molar was the closest to the maxillary sinus, with a mean distance of -0.24 ± 1.23 mm. Conversely, the buccal root of the first premolar was the farthest, with a mean distance of 4.72 ± 3.11 mm.
Conclusion: The proximity order of roots relative to the maxillary sinus, from closest to farthest, is as follows: mesiobuccal root of the second molar, distobuccal root of the second molar, palatal root of the first molar, distobuccal root of the first molar, mesiobuccal root of the first molar, palatal root of the second molar, palatal root of the second premolar, the single root of the second premolar, buccal root of the second premolar, palatal root of the first premolar, the single root of the first premolar, buccal root of the first premolar.
Keywords: Cone Beam Computed Tomography, maxillary sinus, posterior teeth roots.
References
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20. Momina Anis Motiwala, Aysha Arif, Robia Ghafoor. A CBCT based evaluation of root proximity of maxillary posterior teeth to sinus floor in a subset of Pakistani population. JPMA. Published online April 19, 2021;71(8):1992-1995. doi:10.47391/JPMA.462
21. Najem S, Safwat W, ELAziz R, Gaweesh Y. Maxillary Sinus Assessment for Gender and Age Determination Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in An Egyptian Sample. Alexandria Dental Journal. 2021;46(2):63-69. doi:10.21608/adjalexu.2020.88457
22. Tang L, Xu L, Liu H. A retrospective study on the relationship between maxillary posterior teeth and maxillary sinus floor using cone-beam computed tomographic images. J Anat Soc India. 2019;68(4):253. doi:10.4103/JASI.JASI_81_19
23. Sarilita E, Muhammad RM, Nugraha HG, et al. Anatomical relationship between maxillary posterior teeth and the maxillary sinus in an Indonesian population: a CT scan study. BMC Oral Health. 2024;24(1):1014. doi:10.1186/s12903-024-04783-9
24. Cıhan ÖF, Can H, Yalçın ED. Investigation of the relationship of the maxillary sinus floor with maxillary posterior teeth using cone beam CT. Folia Morphol (Warsz). Published online April 17, 2024;83(4):858-867. doi:10.5603/fm.99268
25. Kaushik M, Kaushik P, Mehra N, Sharma R, Soujanya E, Kumar U. Anatomical relationship between roots of maxillary posterior teeth and maxillary sinus using cone-beam computed tomography. Endodontology. 2020;32(3):124. doi:10.4103/endo.endo_25_20
2. Shawneen M. Gonzalez. Prinsip Dasar Interpretasi Cone Beam Computed Tomography. (Nana Rianti, ed.). EGC; 2016. p. 2-44.
3. Dehghani M, Motallebi E, Navabazam A, Montazerlotfelahi H, Ezoddini F, Ghanea S. The Relation Between Maxillary Sinus Floor and Posterior Maxillary Teeth Roots Using Panoramic and Cone Beam Computed Tomography. J Dentomaxillofacial Radiol Pathol Surg. 2017;6(3):49-60. doi:10.29252/3dj.6.3.49
4. Ramadhanty A, Farizka I. Prevalensi Tipe Hubungan Akar Gigi Posterior Terhadap Sinus Maksilaris Ditinjau Dari Radiografi Panoramik. JKGT. 2022;4(1):41-45.
5. Ragab MH, Abdalla AY, Sharaan MES. Location of the Maxillary Posterior Tooth Apices to the Sinus Floor in an Egyptian Subpopulation Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography. Iran Endod J. 2022;17(1):7-12. doi:10.22037/iej.v17i1.34696
6. Lopes LJ, Gamba TO, Bertinato JVJ, Freitas DQ. Comparison of Panoramic Radiography and CBCT To Identify Maxillary Posterior Roots Invading The Maxillary Sinus. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2016;45(6):20160043. doi:10.1259/dmfr.20160043
7. Belmehdi A, El Harti K. Management of Oroantral Communication Using Buccal Advanced Flap. Pan Afr Med J. 2019;34:69. doi:10.11604/pamj.2019.34.69.19959
8. Fry R, Patidar D, Goyal S, Malhotra A. Proximity of Maxillary Posterior Teeth Roots to Maxillary Sinus and Adjacent Structures Using Denta scan ®. Indian J Dent. 2016;7(3):126. doi:10.4103/0975-962X.189339
9. Altaweel AA, Saad Sowairi SM, Saaduddin Sapri AM, et al. Assessment of the Relationship between Maxillary Posterior Teeth and Maxillary Sinus Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. Int J Dent. 2022;2022:1-7. doi:10.1155/2022/6254656
10. Mohammed A, Reem A, Rawan A. Assessing The Proximity of the Roots of Maxillary Molars and Premolars to the Maxillary Sinus in UAE Residents. Open Dent J. 2022;16(1):1-7. doi:10.2174/18742106-v16-e221124-2022-59
11. Prativi SA. Diagnosis Pneumatisasi Sinus Maksilaris Menggunakan Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). MKGK. 2020;6(1):24-31. doi:https://doi.org/10.22146/mkgk.49157
12. Kapshe N, Pujar M, Jaiswal S. Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A review. Int J Oral Health Dent. 2020;6(2):71-77. doi:10.18231/j.ijohd.2020.017
13. Pei J, Liu J, Chen Y, Liu Y, Liao X, Pan J. Relationship between maxillary posterior molar roots and the maxillary sinus floor: Cone-beam computed tomography analysis of a western Chinese population. Journal of International Medical Research. 2020;48(6):1-17. doi:10.1177/0300060520926896
14. Khater S, Fouad D, Ahmed D. Assessment of Relationship between Maxillary Sinus Floor and Maxillary Posterior Teeth Root Tips Position in a Sample of Egyptian Population using CBCT: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study. ADJC. 2024;6(1):122-138. doi:10.21608/adjc.2023.217621.1344
15. Shahbazian M, Vandewoude C, Wyatt J, Jacobs R. Comparative assessment of periapical radiography and CBCT imaging for radiodiagnostics in the posterior maxilla. Odontology. 2015;103(1):97-104. doi:10.1007/s10266-013-0144-z
16. Liao WC, Chang SH, Chang HH, et al. An analysis of the relevance and proximity between maxillary posterior root apices to the maxillary sinus and the buccal cortical bone plate. J Dent Sci. 2024;19(4):1972-1982. doi:10.1016/j.jds.2024.07.019
17. Suntana MS, Trisusanti R, Quasima SZ. Hubungan antara Dasar Sinus Maksilaris dengan Apikal Akar Gigi M1 Maksila Ditinjau Menggunakan Radiograf Panoramik. e-GiGi. 2023;12(2):213-220. doi:10.35790/eg.v12i2.51331
18. Kosasih DN, Supriyadi S, Prasetyarini S. Radiomorfometri Sinus Maksilaris pada Anak Usia 7-12 Tahun menggunakan Radiograf Sefalometri Lateral. Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran. 2024;36(1):65-73. doi:10.24198/jkg.v36i1.52363
19. Shrestha B, Shrestha R, Lu H, et al. Relationship of The Maxillary Posterior Teeth and Maxillary Sinus Floor in Different Skeletal Growth Patterns: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study of 1600 Roots. Imaging Sci Dent. 2022;52(1):19. doi:10.5624/isd.20210145
20. Momina Anis Motiwala, Aysha Arif, Robia Ghafoor. A CBCT based evaluation of root proximity of maxillary posterior teeth to sinus floor in a subset of Pakistani population. JPMA. Published online April 19, 2021;71(8):1992-1995. doi:10.47391/JPMA.462
21. Najem S, Safwat W, ELAziz R, Gaweesh Y. Maxillary Sinus Assessment for Gender and Age Determination Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in An Egyptian Sample. Alexandria Dental Journal. 2021;46(2):63-69. doi:10.21608/adjalexu.2020.88457
22. Tang L, Xu L, Liu H. A retrospective study on the relationship between maxillary posterior teeth and maxillary sinus floor using cone-beam computed tomographic images. J Anat Soc India. 2019;68(4):253. doi:10.4103/JASI.JASI_81_19
23. Sarilita E, Muhammad RM, Nugraha HG, et al. Anatomical relationship between maxillary posterior teeth and the maxillary sinus in an Indonesian population: a CT scan study. BMC Oral Health. 2024;24(1):1014. doi:10.1186/s12903-024-04783-9
24. Cıhan ÖF, Can H, Yalçın ED. Investigation of the relationship of the maxillary sinus floor with maxillary posterior teeth using cone beam CT. Folia Morphol (Warsz). Published online April 17, 2024;83(4):858-867. doi:10.5603/fm.99268
25. Kaushik M, Kaushik P, Mehra N, Sharma R, Soujanya E, Kumar U. Anatomical relationship between roots of maxillary posterior teeth and maxillary sinus using cone-beam computed tomography. Endodontology. 2020;32(3):124. doi:10.4103/endo.endo_25_20
Published
2025-08-31
How to Cite
SUBRATA, Dwina Lathifah Ramadhani Wirahadi et al.
Assessment of the distance of maxillary posterior tooth roots to the maxillary sinus using Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images.
Jurnal Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial Indonesia (JRDI), [S.l.], v. 9, n. 2, p. 71-75, aug. 2025.
ISSN 2686-1321.
Available at: <http://jurnal.pdgi.or.id/index.php/jrdi/article/view/1353>. Date accessed: 29 nov. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.32793/jrdi.v9i2.1353.
Section
Original Research Article
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
